Banks



0. M. FAIRBANKS.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING FIL1$.

(No Model.)

Patented Jan. 12, 1886.

\NVENTEIR- WI TN EESEE- N. PETERS, Pholo-Uthogrlphsr. Wuhingwn, D. c,

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE:

CRAWFORD M. FAIRBANKS, OF LINCOLN, RHODE ISLAND.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING FILES.

FJPECIE'JZQATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 334,115, datedJanuary 12, 1886.

Application filed May I, 1885. Serial No. 164,659. (No model.)

is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

Figure l is an elevation, partly in section, of my improvedfile-machine. Fig. 2 is a top view of same with cutting mechanismremoved. Fig. 3 is an end view of same. Fig. 4is a section on line a:as.

My invention relates to the cutting of round files, and has for itsobject the production of a machine by which the number of rows of teeth,as well as the number of teeth to the inch, may be variedand the samecut spirally or straight, as may be desired; and it consists in themechanism hereinafter described.

In the machines for cutting round files heretofore in use both thefeeding and turning of the blank are accomplished by one mechanism soconstructed and operating that a relatively uniform rapidity of movementmust result, which relation of movement cannot be changed or disturbedby any change or adjustment of the machine itself. It is necessary incutting such files to vary the number and direction of the rows ofteeth, as well as the number of teeth to the inch, according to theparticular service required of the file; and for this purpose it isdesirable that the feeding and turning mechanisms should be capable ofindependent adjustment, and the relative speed of the two changed asoccasion may require.

In my invention, which I will now proceed to describe, I so constructthe feeding and turning mechanisms that the relative operation of thesame may be changed to produce either of the desirable results abovedescribed.

I11 the drawings, A is the frame, whioh is supported by aperpendicularpost or pillar, B.

- O is the cutting-tool, which is secured to an arm, D, pivoted at oneend to the frame. The arm D is operated by a cam, E, and spring F, andits movement causes the tool to strike and cut the file-blank.

G is the file-blank, one end of which is held in a socket in the end ofthe arbor H and the other in the socket I of the slide J, the blankpassing over and being supported by a cutting-bed, K. The slide J isweighted so as to be held in contact with the file-blank. The arbor H,and with it the file-blank G, is rotated by the pulley L through themitergears M.

N is a screw extending lengthwise of the machine, and is rotated by aratchet, 0, 0perated by a cam, P,upon the shaft P, through the levers QR S and pawl T.

V is a block which slides in a longitudinal slot, W. The under side ofthe block Vis con caved and provided with a screw-thread, and rests uponand engages the screw N, when thrown into contact by means of thecam-lever X. The arbor H passes through the upper or perpendicularportion of the block V, within which it has a free rotary movement.

a is a fixed collar upon the arbor H.

The arbor H may be moved longitudinally to adjust it to the length ofthe blank independent of the miter-gear, the latter being attached bymeans of a spline.

Having now described the several parts of A the entire machine, I willnow proceed to describe the operation of the rotating and feedingmechanism to which my invention more particularly relates. Commencingwith the parts in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the fileblank Ghaving been adjusted in position.the machine is started, a rotarymovement being communicated to the pulley L, which, through themiter-gears M, rotates the arbor H and the file-blank G, the latter asit rotates receiving the action of the tool 0. At the same time therotation of the pulley L operates the ratchetO,through the cam upon theshaft 1?, and the devices before described in connection therewith, androtates the screw N. The rotation of the screw N moves forward the blockV, the concave threaded surface of which is forced to engage with thescrew, as described. As the block V is moved forward, it comes incontact with the fixed collar a, and carries forward the arbor H andfeeds the blank G at the same time that it is rotated by the otherdevices before described. When the file has passed under thecutting-tool and been cut, the blank V is released by the proper movement of the lever X from its contact with the ICO screw N, whereupon thearbor H may be pushed back, another blank inserted, and the operationdescribed repeated.

To vary the feed motion I may remove the ratchet O and substitute in itsplace another one of larger or smaller diameter or different teeth,according as it is desired to increase or decrease the number of teethto the inch upon the file-blank. The faster or slower the screw Nrotates the more or less cuts the tool 0 is enabled to make in a givendistance upon the file-blank.

To vary the rotary surface motion of the blank G, I remove the pulleyLand substitute in its place another one of smaller or larger diameter,according as it is desired to increase or decrease the number of rows ofteeth, as the slower the blank rotates the more teeth the tool 0 will beable to cut around its circumference during each rotation. Instead,however, of changing the ratchetwheel, I may use the adjustable fulcrumR, (shown in Figs. 3 and 4,) which, as shown, is movable in the frame,and also in the slot in lever B, so as to Vary the action of the pawl onthe ratchet.

The teeth will be cut in straight rows, or spirally, according to therelative adjustment of the feeding and turning mechanisms. For

instance, if the pulley L has the same diameter as the pulley b, whichoperates the cam E, or if the pulley L is twice the diameter of thepulley b, then the teeth will be out upon the blank in straight rows;but if the sizes of the two pulleys are changed so that the measu rementof one is not a multiple of the measurement of the other,then the rowsof teeth will be cut spirally in proportion to such variation, as willbe readily understood.

What I claim as my inventi0n,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of the rotatable arb0r,a traveling block, a screw forworking the traveling block, and devices, substantially as described,for varying the relative rotation of the screw and arbor.

2. The combination of the arbor H, screw N, intermediate block, V, andmechanism, substantially as described,to give an independent feedanotionto the independently-rotating arbor H, for the purpose specified.

3. The combination, with a table or analogous supporting means havingthe slot WV, of the rotatable arbor H, the slide J,the screw N, meansfor rotating the same, and the block V, engaging with said screw, andalso engaging with the arbor, said block V and slide J resting andmoving in slot V.

4. The combination, with the rotatable arbor H and rotatable screw N, ofthe intermediate block, V, having a vertically-movable screwthreadedportion, as described, and the cam X, for causing said movable portionto be engaged or disengaged with the screw 'N.

GRAVFORD M. FAIRBANKS.

\Vitnesses:

WALTER B. VINCENT, J AMES D. OHERN.

